{"cve":"CVE-2023-34448","nvd":{"published":"2023-06-14T23:15:11.107","modified":"2026-06-17T06:03:40.357","status":"Modified","description":"Grav is a flat-file content management system. Prior to version 1.7.42, the patch for CVE-2022-2073, a server-side template injection vulnerability in Grav leveraging the default `filter()` function, did not block other built-in functions exposed by Twig's Core Extension that could be used to invoke arbitrary unsafe functions, thereby allowing for remote code execution. A patch in version 1.74.2 overrides the built-in Twig `map()` and `reduce()` filter functions in `system/src/Grav/Common/Twig/Extension/GravExtension.php` to validate the argument passed to the filter in `$arrow`.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":7.2},"cwes":["CWE-94","CWE-20","CWE-1336"],"references":["https://github.com/getgrav/grav/commit/8c2c1cb72611a399f13423fc6d0e1d998c03e5c8","https://github.com/getgrav/grav/security/advisories/GHSA-whr7-m3f8-mpm8","https://github.com/twigphp/Twig/blob/v1.44.7/src/Environment.php#L148","https://huntr.dev/bounties/3ef640e6-9e25-4ecb-8ec1-64311d63fe66/","https://www.github.com/getgrav/grav/commit/9d6a2dba09fd4e56f5cdfb9a399caea355bfeb83"],"products":["getgrav:grav"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:38:24.161619714+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2023-34448","score":0.04515,"percentile":0.91524,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}