{"cve":"CVE-2023-29389","nvd":{"published":"2023-04-05T16:15:08.100","modified":"2026-06-17T05:49:57.753","status":"Modified","description":"Toyota RAV4 2021 vehicles automatically trust messages from other ECUs on a CAN bus, which allows physically proximate attackers to drive a vehicle by accessing the control CAN bus after pulling the bumper away and reaching the headlight connector, and then sending forged \"Key is validated\" messages via CAN Injection, as exploited in the wild in (for example) July 2022.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":6.8},"cwes":["CWE-74"],"references":["https://kentindell.github.io/2023/04/03/can-injection/","https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35452963","https://kentindell.github.io/2023/04/03/can-injection/","https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35452963"],"products":["toyota:rav4_firmware"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:37:48.383111019+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2023-29389","score":0.0066,"percentile":0.51573,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}