{"cve":"CVE-2023-28771","nvd":{"published":"2023-04-25T02:15:08.743","modified":"2026-06-17T05:48:44.217","status":"Analyzed","description":"Improper error message handling in Zyxel ZyWALL/USG series firmware versions 4.60 through 4.73, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, USG FLEX series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, and ATP series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, which could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some OS commands remotely by sending crafted packets to an affected device.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":9.8},"cwes":["CWE-78"],"references":["http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172820/Zyxel-IKE-Packet-Decoder-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html","https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-remote-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls","http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172820/Zyxel-IKE-Packet-Decoder-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html","https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-remote-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls","https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-28771"],"products":["zyxel:atp100_firmware","zyxel:atp100w_firmware","zyxel:atp200_firmware","zyxel:atp500_firmware","zyxel:atp700_firmware","zyxel:atp800_firmware","zyxel:usg_flex_100_firmware","zyxel:usg_flex_100w_firmware","zyxel:usg_flex_200_firmware","zyxel:usg_flex_500_firmware","zyxel:usg_flex_50_firmware","zyxel:usg_flex_50w_firmware","zyxel:usg_flex_700_firmware","zyxel:vpn1000_firmware","zyxel:vpn100_firmware","zyxel:vpn300_firmware","zyxel:vpn50_firmware","zyxel:zywall_usg_100_firmware","zyxel:zywall_usg_310_firmware"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:38:05.473481323+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2023-28771","score":0.99284,"percentile":0.99937,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":{"cve":"CVE-2023-28771","date_added":"2023-05-31","due_date":"2023-06-21","vendor":"Zyxel","product":"Multiple Firewalls","known_ransomware":false},"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}