{"cve":"CVE-2023-22474","nvd":{"published":"2023-02-03T20:15:10.197","modified":"2026-06-17T05:35:32.080","status":"Modified","description":"Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Parse Server uses the request header `x-forwarded-for` to determine the client IP address. If Parse Server doesn't run behind a proxy server, then a client can set this header and Parse Server will trust the value of the header. The incorrect client IP address will be used by various features in Parse Server. This allows to circumvent the security mechanism of the Parse Server option `masterKeyIps` by setting an allowed IP address as the `x-forwarded-for` header value. This issue has been patched in version 5.4.1. The mechanism to determine the client IP address has been rewritten. The correct IP address determination now requires to set the Parse Server option `trustProxy`.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","score":8.1},"cwes":["CWE-290"],"references":["https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/commit/e016d813e083ce6828f9abce245d15b681a224d8","https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/security/advisories/GHSA-vm5r-c87r-pf6x","https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/commit/e016d813e083ce6828f9abce245d15b681a224d8","https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/security/advisories/GHSA-vm5r-c87r-pf6x","https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230309-0005/"],"products":["parseplatform:parse-server"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:37:38.595364862+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2023-22474","score":0.00664,"percentile":0.51728,"date":"2026-11-01"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-vm5r-c87r-pf6x","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-vm5r-c87r-pf6x","summary":"Parse Server option `masterKeyIps` vulnerability to IP spoofing","modified":"2026-09-10T03:49:51.742806684Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"parse-server","purl":"pkg:npm/parse-server","ranges":["<5.4.1"],"fixed":["5.4.1"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}