{"cve":"CVE-2022-45442","nvd":{"published":"2022-11-28T21:15:10.670","modified":"2026-06-17T05:10:09.490","status":"Modified","description":"Sinatra is a domain-specific language for creating web applications in Ruby. An issue was discovered in Sinatra 2.0 before 2.2.3 and 3.0 before 3.0.4. An application is vulnerable to a reflected file download (RFD) attack that sets the Content-Disposition header of a response when the filename is derived from user-supplied input. Version 2.2.3 and 3.0.4 contain patches for this issue.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":8.8},"cwes":["CWE-494"],"references":["https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-8x94-hmjh-97hq","https://github.com/sinatra/sinatra/commit/ea8fc9495a350f7551b39e3025bfcd06f49f363b","https://github.com/sinatra/sinatra/security/advisories/GHSA-2x8x-jmrp-phxw","https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/01/msg00005.html","https://www.blackhat.com/docs/eu-14/materials/eu-14-Hafif-Reflected-File-Download-A-New-Web-Attack-Vector.pdf"],"products":["debian:debian_linux","sinatrarb:sinatra"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:37:28.463369388+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2022-45442","score":0.00691,"percentile":0.52847,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-2x8x-jmrp-phxw","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-2x8x-jmrp-phxw","summary":"Sinatra vulnerable to Reflected File Download attack","modified":"2026-02-04T02:35:49.068446Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"sinatra","purl":"pkg:gem/sinatra","ranges":[">=3.0 <3.0.4"],"fixed":["3.0.4"]},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"sinatra","purl":"pkg:gem/sinatra","ranges":[">=2.0.0 <2.2.3"],"fixed":["2.2.3"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}