{"cve":"CVE-2022-4515","nvd":{"published":"2022-12-20T19:15:25.190","modified":"2026-06-17T05:21:05.190","status":"Modified","description":"A flaw was found in Exuberant Ctags in the way it handles the \"-o\" option. This option specifies the tag filename. A crafted tag filename specified in the command line or in the configuration file results in arbitrary command execution because the externalSortTags() in sort.c calls the system(3) function in an unsafe way.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":7.8},"cwes":["CWE-78"],"references":["https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/12/msg00040.html","https://sourceforge.net/p/ctags/code/HEAD/tree/tags/ctags-5.8/sort.c#l56","https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/12/msg00040.html","https://sourceforge.net/p/ctags/code/HEAD/tree/tags/ctags-5.8/sort.c#l56"],"products":["debian:debian_linux","exuberant_ctags_project:exuberant_ctags"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:37:31.370122805+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2022-4515","score":0.00608,"percentile":0.49083,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}