{"cve":"CVE-2021-44528","nvd":{"published":"2022-01-10T14:10:26.117","modified":"2026-06-17T04:12:31.310","status":"Modified","description":"A open redirect vulnerability exists in Action Pack >= 6.0.0 that could allow an attacker to craft a \"X-Forwarded-Host\" headers in combination with certain \"allowed host\" formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack to redirect users to a malicious website.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N","score":6.1},"cwes":["CWE-601"],"references":["https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/0fccfb9a3097a9c4260c791f1a40b128517e7815","https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240208-0003/","https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5372","https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/0fccfb9a3097a9c4260c791f1a40b128517e7815","https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240208-0003/"],"products":["rubyonrails:rails"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:26:33.761856376+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2021-44528","score":0.04421,"percentile":0.91359,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-qphc-hf5q-v8fc","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-qphc-hf5q-v8fc","summary":"actionpack Open Redirect in Host Authorization Middleware","modified":"2024-03-06T12:28:12.305219Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"actionpack","purl":"pkg:gem/actionpack","ranges":[">=6.0.0 <6.0.4.2"],"fixed":["6.0.4.2"]},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"actionpack","purl":"pkg:gem/actionpack","ranges":[">=6.1.0 <6.1.4.2"],"fixed":["6.1.4.2"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}