{"cve":"CVE-2021-44521","nvd":{"published":"2022-02-11T13:15:07.907","modified":"2026-06-17T04:12:30.493","status":"Modified","description":"When running Apache Cassandra with the following configuration: enable_user_defined_functions: true enable_scripted_user_defined_functions: true enable_user_defined_functions_threads: false it is possible for an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the host. The attacker would need to have enough permissions to create user defined functions in the cluster to be able to exploit this. Note that this configuration is documented as unsafe, and will continue to be considered unsafe after this CVE.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":9.1},"cwes":["CWE-732","CWE-94"],"references":["http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/02/11/4","https://jfrog.com/blog/cve-2021-44521-exploiting-apache-cassandra-user-defined-functions-for-remote-code-execution/","https://lists.apache.org/thread/y4nb9s4co34j8hdfmrshyl09lokm7356","https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20220225-0001/","http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/02/11/4"],"products":["apache:cassandra"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:28:04.509275555+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2021-44521","score":0.58896,"percentile":0.99109,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-8ffc-79xg-29w8","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-8ffc-79xg-29w8","summary":"Apache Cassandra vulnerable to Code Injection due to unsafe configuration","modified":"2023-12-06T01:01:41.573652Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Maven","name":"org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all","purl":"pkg:maven/org.apache.cassandra/cassandra-all","ranges":["<3.0.26"],"fixed":["3.0.26"]},{"ecosystem":"Maven","name":"org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all","purl":"pkg:maven/org.apache.cassandra/cassandra-all","ranges":[">=3.11.0 <3.11.12"],"fixed":["3.11.12"]},{"ecosystem":"Maven","name":"org.apache.cassandra:cassandra-all","purl":"pkg:maven/org.apache.cassandra/cassandra-all","ranges":[">=4.0.0 <4.0.2"],"fixed":["4.0.2"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}