{"cve":"CVE-2021-43177","nvd":{"published":"2022-04-11T20:15:16.037","modified":"2026-06-17T04:10:35.417","status":"Modified","description":"As a result of an incomplete fix for CVE-2015-7225, in versions of devise-two-factor prior to 4.0.2 it is possible to reuse a One-Time-Password (OTP) for one (and only one) immediately trailing interval. CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","score":5.3},"cwes":["CWE-254"],"references":["https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/security/advisories/GHSA-jm35-h8q2-73mp","https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/security/advisories/GHSA-jm35-h8q2-73mp"],"products":["tinfoilsecurity:devise-two-factor"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:30:03.577988018+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2021-43177","score":0.00884,"percentile":0.59231,"date":"2026-11-01"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-jm35-h8q2-73mp","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-jm35-h8q2-73mp","summary":"Improper one time password handling in devise-two-factor","modified":"2026-08-27T03:56:00.293667065Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"devise-two-factor","purl":"pkg:gem/devise-two-factor","ranges":["<4.0.2"],"fixed":["4.0.2"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}