{"cve":"CVE-2021-29485","nvd":{"published":"2021-06-29T19:15:09.607","modified":"2026-06-17T03:47:44.370","status":"Modified","description":"Ratpack is a toolkit for creating web applications. In versions prior to 1.9.0, a malicious attacker can achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) via a maliciously crafted Java deserialization gadget chain leveraged against the Ratpack session store. If one's application does not use Ratpack's session mechanism, it is not vulnerable. Ratpack 1.9.0 introduces a strict allow-list mechanism that mitigates this vulnerability when used. Two possible workarounds exist. The simplest mitigation for users of earlier versions is to reduce the likelihood of attackers being able to write to the session data store. Alternatively or additionally, the allow-list mechanism could be manually back ported by providing an alternative implementation of `SessionSerializer` that uses an allow-list.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":8.8},"cwes":["CWE-502"],"references":["https://github.com/ratpack/ratpack/security/advisories/GHSA-hc33-32vw-rpp9","https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.ratpack/ratpack-core","https://github.com/ratpack/ratpack/security/advisories/GHSA-hc33-32vw-rpp9","https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.ratpack/ratpack-core"],"products":["ratpack_project:ratpack"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:20:07.141963181+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2021-29485","score":0.01989,"percentile":0.80637,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-hc33-32vw-rpp9","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-hc33-32vw-rpp9","summary":"Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in Session Storage","modified":"2026-07-08T06:27:52.648703965Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Maven","name":"io.ratpack:ratpack-core","purl":"pkg:maven/io.ratpack/ratpack-core","ranges":["<1.9.0"],"fixed":["1.9.0"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}