{"cve":"CVE-2020-15134","nvd":{"published":"2020-07-31T18:15:14.617","modified":"2026-06-17T02:56:07.097","status":"Modified","description":"Faye before version 1.4.0, there is a lack of certification validation in TLS handshakes. Faye uses em-http-request and faye-websocket in the Ruby version of its client. Those libraries both use the `EM::Connection#start_tls` method in EventMachine to implement the TLS handshake whenever a `wss:` URL is used for the connection. This method does not implement certificate verification by default, meaning that it does not check that the server presents a valid and trusted TLS certificate for the expected hostname. That means that any `https:` or `wss:` connection made using these libraries is vulnerable to a man-in-the-middle attack, since it does not confirm the identity of the server it is connected to. The first request a Faye client makes is always sent via normal HTTP, but later messages may be sent via WebSocket. Therefore it is vulnerable to the same problem that these underlying libraries are, and we needed both libraries to support TLS verification before Faye could claim to do the same. Your client would still be insecure if its initial HTTPS request was verified, but later WebSocket connections were not. This is fixed in Faye v1.4.0, which enables verification by default. For further background information on this issue, please see the referenced GitHub Advisory.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N","score":8.7},"cwes":["CWE-295"],"references":["https://blog.jcoglan.com/2020/07/31/missing-tls-verification-in-faye/","https://github.com/faye/faye/security/advisories/GHSA-3q49-h8f9-9fr9","https://blog.jcoglan.com/2020/07/31/missing-tls-verification-in-faye/","https://github.com/faye/faye/security/advisories/GHSA-3q49-h8f9-9fr9"],"products":["faye_project:faye"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:06:22.076270124+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2020-15134","score":0.00864,"percentile":0.58628,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-3q49-h8f9-9fr9","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-3q49-h8f9-9fr9","summary":"Missing TLS certificate verification","modified":"2026-07-08T06:00:15.827873392Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"faye","purl":"pkg:gem/faye","ranges":["<1.4.0"],"fixed":["1.4.0"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}