{"cve":"CVE-2020-14001","nvd":{"published":"2020-07-17T16:15:11.230","modified":"2026-06-17T02:54:04.953","status":"Modified","description":"The kramdown gem before 2.3.0 for Ruby processes the template option inside Kramdown documents by default, which allows unintended read access (such as template=\"/etc/passwd\") or unintended embedded Ruby code execution (such as a string that begins with template=\"string://<%= `). NOTE: kramdown is used in Jekyll, GitLab Pages, GitHub Pages, and Thredded Forum.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":9.8},"cwes":["CWE-862"],"references":["https://github.com/gettalong/kramdown","https://github.com/gettalong/kramdown/commit/1b8fd33c3120bfc6e5164b449e2c2fc9c9306fde","https://github.com/gettalong/kramdown/compare/REL_2_2_1...REL_2_3_0","https://kramdown.gettalong.org","https://kramdown.gettalong.org/news.html"],"products":["canonical:ubuntu_linux","debian:debian_linux","fedoraproject:fedora","kramdown_project:kramdown"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:06:22.076270124+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2020-14001","score":0.0456,"percentile":0.916,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-mqm2-cgpr-p4m6","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-mqm2-cgpr-p4m6","summary":"Unintended read access in kramdown gem","modified":"2024-02-18T05:27:22.932897Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"kramdown","purl":"pkg:gem/kramdown","ranges":["<2.3.0"],"fixed":["2.3.0"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}