{"cve":"CVE-2019-9193","nvd":{"published":"2019-04-01T21:30:45.110","modified":"2026-06-17T02:43:19.763","status":"Modified","description":"In PostgreSQL 9.3 through 11.2, the \"COPY TO/FROM PROGRAM\" function allows superusers and users in the 'pg_execute_server_program' group to execute arbitrary code in the context of the database's operating system user. This functionality is enabled by default and can be abused to run arbitrary operating system commands on Windows, Linux, and macOS. NOTE: Third parties claim/state this is not an issue because PostgreSQL functionality for ‘COPY TO/FROM PROGRAM’ is acting as intended. References state that in PostgreSQL, a superuser can execute commands as the server user without using the ‘COPY FROM PROGRAM’.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.0","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":7.2},"cwes":["CWE-78"],"references":["http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/152757/PostgreSQL-COPY-FROM-PROGRAM-Command-Execution.html","http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/166540/PostgreSQL-11.7-Remote-Code-Execution.html","http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/171722/PostgreSQL-9.6.1-Remote-Code-Execution.html","https://blog.hagander.net/when-a-vulnerability-is-not-a-vulnerability-244/","https://medium.com/greenwolf-security/authenticated-arbitrary-command-execution-on-postgresql-9-3-latest-cd18945914d5"],"products":["postgresql:postgresql"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T20:55:22.313337056+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2019-9193","score":0.91655,"percentile":0.99814,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}