{"cve":"CVE-2019-5477","nvd":{"published":"2019-08-16T16:15:10.637","modified":"2026-06-17T02:37:45.460","status":"Modified","description":"A command injection vulnerability in Nokogiri v1.10.3 and earlier allows commands to be executed in a subprocess via Ruby's `Kernel.open` method. Processes are vulnerable only if the undocumented method `Nokogiri::CSS::Tokenizer#load_file` is being called with unsafe user input as the filename. This vulnerability appears in code generated by the Rexical gem versions v1.0.6 and earlier. Rexical is used by Nokogiri to generate lexical scanner code for parsing CSS queries. The underlying vulnerability was addressed in Rexical v1.0.7 and Nokogiri upgraded to this version of Rexical in Nokogiri v1.10.4.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":9.8},"cwes":["CWE-78"],"references":["https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1915","https://github.com/tenderlove/rexical/blob/master/CHANGELOG.rdoc","https://hackerone.com/reports/650835","https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/09/msg00027.html","https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/10/msg00018.html"],"products":["canonical:ubuntu_linux","debian:debian_linux","nokogiri:nokogiri"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T20:58:39.700375520+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2019-5477","score":0.05899,"percentile":0.93227,"date":"2026-11-01"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-cr5j-953j-xw5p","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-cr5j-953j-xw5p","summary":"Nokogiri Command Injection Vulnerability","modified":"2024-02-18T05:31:26.336802Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"nokogiri","purl":"pkg:gem/nokogiri","ranges":["<1.10.4"],"fixed":["1.10.4"]},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"rexical","purl":"pkg:gem/rexical","ranges":["<1.0.7"],"fixed":["1.0.7"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}