{"cve":"CVE-2019-12706","nvd":{"published":"2019-10-02T19:15:13.967","modified":"2026-06-17T02:15:16.670","status":"Modified","description":"A vulnerability in the Sender Policy Framework (SPF) functionality of Cisco AsyncOS Software for Cisco Email Security Appliance (ESA) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass the configured user filters on an affected device. The vulnerability exists because the affected software insufficiently validates certain incoming SPF messages. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a custom SPF packet to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass the configured header filters, which could allow malicious content to pass through the device.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N","score":7.5},"cwes":["CWE-20"],"references":["https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20191002-esa-bypass","https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20191002-esa-bypass"],"products":["cisco:email_security_appliance_firmware"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T20:59:10.855360465+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2019-12706","score":0.01306,"percentile":0.70561,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}