{"cve":"CVE-2019-11841","nvd":{"published":"2019-05-22T17:29:00.287","modified":"2026-06-17T02:13:43.560","status":"Modified","description":"A message-forgery issue was discovered in crypto/openpgp/clearsign/clearsign.go in supplementary Go cryptography libraries 2019-03-25. According to the OpenPGP Message Format specification in RFC 4880 chapter 7, a cleartext signed message can contain one or more optional \"Hash\" Armor Headers. The \"Hash\" Armor Header specifies the message digest algorithm(s) used for the signature. However, the Go clearsign package ignores the value of this header, which allows an attacker to spoof it. Consequently, an attacker can lead a victim to believe the signature was generated using a different message digest algorithm than what was actually used. Moreover, since the library skips Armor Header parsing in general, an attacker can not only embed arbitrary Armor Headers, but also prepend arbitrary text to cleartext messages without invalidating the signatures.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N","score":5.9},"cwes":["CWE-347"],"references":["http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/152840/Go-Cryptography-Libraries-Cleartext-Message-Spoofing.html","https://go.googlesource.com/crypto/","https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/09/msg00011.html","https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/10/msg00014.html","https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/06/msg00017.html"],"products":["debian:debian_linux","golang:crypto"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T20:56:19.218283075+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2019-11841","score":0.02002,"percentile":0.80775,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-x3jr-pf6g-c48f","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-x3jr-pf6g-c48f","summary":"Golang/x/crypto message forgery vulnerability","modified":"2026-09-10T03:49:55.084265638Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"golang.org/x/crypto","purl":"pkg:golang/golang.org/x/crypto","ranges":["<0.0.0-20190424203555-c05e17bb3b2d"],"fixed":["0.0.0-20190424203555-c05e17bb3b2d"]}]},{"id":"GO-2023-1992","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GO-2023-1992","summary":"Misleading message verification in golang.org/x/crypto/openpgp/clearsign","modified":"2026-02-04T03:17:37.933184Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"golang.org/x/crypto","purl":"pkg:golang/golang.org/x/crypto","ranges":["<0.0.0-20190424203555-c05e17bb3b2d"],"fixed":["0.0.0-20190424203555-c05e17bb3b2d"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}