{"cve":"CVE-2018-18857","nvd":{"published":"2018-11-20T19:29:01.510","modified":"2026-06-17T01:48:01.717","status":"Modified","description":"Multiple local privilege escalation vulnerabilities have been identified in the LiquidVPN client through 1.37 for macOS. An attacker can communicate with an unprotected XPC service and directly execute arbitrary OS commands as root or load a potentially malicious kernel extension because com.smr.liquidvpn.OVPNHelper uses the system function to execute the \"command_line\" parameter as a shell command.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.0","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":7.8},"cwes":["CWE-78"],"references":["http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/150137/LiquidVPN-For-macOS-1.3.7-Privilege-Escalation.html","http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2018/Nov/1","https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45782/","http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/150137/LiquidVPN-For-macOS-1.3.7-Privilege-Escalation.html","http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2018/Nov/1"],"products":["liquidvpn:liquidvpn"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T20:53:59.789560037+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2018-18857","score":0.01604,"percentile":0.7586,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}