{"cve":"CVE-2018-18556","nvd":{"published":"2018-12-17T19:29:00.627","modified":"2026-06-17T01:47:29.840","status":"Modified","description":"A privilege escalation issue was discovered in VyOS 1.1.8. The default configuration also allows operator users to execute the pppd binary with elevated (sudo) permissions. Certain input parameters are not properly validated. A malicious operator user can run the binary with elevated permissions and leverage its improper input validation condition to spawn an attacker-controlled shell with root privileges.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":9.9},"cwes":[],"references":["http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/159234/VyOS-restricted-shell-Escape-Privilege-Escalation.html","https://blog.mirch.io/2018/11/05/cve-2018-18556-vyos-privilege-escalation-via-sudo-pppd-for-operator-users/","https://blog.vyos.io/the-operator-level-is-proved-insecure-and-will-be-removed-in-the-next-releases","http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/159234/VyOS-restricted-shell-Escape-Privilege-Escalation.html","https://blog.mirch.io/2018/11/05/cve-2018-18556-vyos-privilege-escalation-via-sudo-pppd-for-operator-users/"],"products":["vyos:vyos"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T20:54:36.112582389+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2018-18556","score":0.15411,"percentile":0.96791,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}