{"cve":"CVE-2017-9230","nvd":{"published":"2017-05-24T16:29:00.180","modified":"2026-06-17T01:27:43.267","status":"Modified","description":"The Bitcoin Proof-of-Work algorithm does not consider a certain attack methodology related to 80-byte block headers with a variety of initial 64-byte chunks followed by the same 16-byte chunk, multiple candidate root values ending with the same 4 bytes, and calculations involving sqrt numbers. This violates the security assumptions of (1) the choice of input, outside of the dedicated nonce area, fed into the Proof-of-Work function should not change its difficulty to evaluate and (2) every Proof-of-Work function execution should be independent. NOTE: a number of persons feel that this methodology is a benign mining optimization, not a vulnerability","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","score":7.5},"cwes":["CWE-338"],"references":["http://www.mit.edu/~jlrubin//public/pdfs/Asicboost.pdf","http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/98657","https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1604/1604.00575.pdf","https://lists.linuxfoundation.org/pipermail/bitcoin-dev/2017-April/013996.html","https://lists.linuxfoundation.org/pipermail/bitcoin-dev/2017-May/014349.html"],"products":["bitcoin:bitcoin"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T20:43:44.556243339+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2017-9230","score":0.03251,"percentile":0.88336,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}