{"cve":"CVE-2016-4745","nvd":{"published":"2016-09-25T10:59:44.987","modified":"2026-06-17T00:48:08.623","status":"Modified","description":"The Kerberos 5 (aka krb5) PAM module in Apple OS X before 10.12 does not use constant-time operations for determining username validity, which makes it easier for remote attackers to enumerate user accounts via a timing side-channel attack.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.0","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N","score":5.3},"cwes":["CWE-200"],"references":["http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2016/Sep/msg00006.html","http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/93055","http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036858","https://support.apple.com/HT207170","http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2016/Sep/msg00006.html"],"products":["apple:mac_os_x"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T20:40:10.783210791+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2016-4745","score":0.01759,"percentile":0.7798,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}