{"cve":"CVE-2016-4557","nvd":{"published":"2016-05-23T10:59:03.707","modified":"2026-06-17T00:47:46.807","status":"Modified","description":"The replace_map_fd_with_map_ptr function in kernel/bpf/verifier.c in the Linux kernel before 4.5.5 does not properly maintain an fd data structure, which allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (use-after-free) via crafted BPF instructions that reference an incorrect file descriptor.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":7.8},"cwes":[],"references":["http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=8358b02bf67d3a5d8a825070e1aa73f25fb2e4c7","http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-06/msg00044.html","http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v4.x/ChangeLog-4.5.5","http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/05/06/4","https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=808"],"products":["linux:linux_kernel"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T20:38:51.654415212+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2016-4557","score":0.10202,"percentile":0.9567,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}