{"cve":"CVE-2015-2963","nvd":{"published":"2015-07-10T17:59:00.093","modified":"2026-06-17T00:25:03.100","status":"Modified","description":"The thoughtbot paperclip gem before 4.2.2 for Ruby does not consider the content-type value during media-type validation, which allows remote attackers to upload HTML documents and conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via a spoofed value, as demonstrated by image/jpeg.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":null,"cwes":["CWE-79"],"references":["http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN83881261/index.html","http://jvndb.jvn.jp/jvndb/JVNDB-2015-000088","http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/06/19/3","http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/75304","https://github.com/thoughtbot/paperclip/commit/9aee4112f36058cd28d5fe4a006d6981bd1eda57"],"products":["thoughtbot:paperclip"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T20:36:40.444340523+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2015-2963","score":0.02106,"percentile":0.81751,"date":"2026-11-01"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-6jvm-3j5h-79f6","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-6jvm-3j5h-79f6","summary":"paperclip Cross-site Scripting vulnerability","modified":"2024-11-30T05:38:38.425648Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"paperclip","purl":"pkg:gem/paperclip","ranges":["<4.2.2"],"fixed":["4.2.2"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}